Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Semistrukturerad intervju avsedd att fånga information om symptom på dysmorfofobi (body dysmorphic disorder; BDD) och för att bedöma symtomens svårighetsgrad. Anses vara “gold standard” och används ofta i behandlingsstudier vid BDD. BDD-YBOCS är inte utvecklat som ett diagnostiskt instrument.

Inga formella krav.

12

Fem frågor handlar om BDD-specifika tankar och fem frågor handlar om BDD-specifika beteenden. Därutöver handlar en fråga om insikt och en fråga om undvikande.

Instrumentet består av tolv frågor med responsalternativ på en femgradig Likertskala (skalsteg: 0-4).

Samtliga 12 frågor räknas vanligen med i summeringen vilket ger totalpoäng 0-48.

Dysmorfofobi (body dysmorphic disorder; BDD)

Tar mellan 10-15 minuter att administrera (Veale & Neziroglu, 2010).

God test-retest-reliabilitet: .88 (Phillips et al., 1997)

God intern samstämmighet med Cronbachs alfa på .80 (Phillips et al., 1997)

Det finns inga empiriskt framtagna normer. Phillips (2005) har dock presenterat kliniskt relevanta “cut-off” där totalpoäng över 20 indikerar BDD, totalpoäng över 24 indikerar måttliga symtom, runt 30 indikerar måttlig till svår BDD och totalpoäng 40 som indikerar mycket svår BDD.

Psychopharmacol Bull. 1997;33(1):17-22.
A severity rating scale for body dysmorphic disorder: development, reliability, and validity of a modified version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.
Phillips KA, Hollander E, Rasmussen SA, Aronowitz BR, DeCaria C, Goodman WK.

Abstract
The authors developed the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS), a 12-item semistructured clinician-rated instrument designed to rate severity of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). The scale was administered to 125 subjects with BDD, and interviews with 15 subjects were rated by 3 other raters. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 30 subjects. Other scales were administered to assess convergent and discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change was evaluated in a study of fluvoxamine. Each item was frequently endorsed across a range of severity. Good interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency were obtained. BDD-YBOCS scores correlated with global severity scores but not with a measure of general psychopathology; they were modestly positively correlated with depression severity scores. Three factors accounted for 59.6 percent of the variance. The scale was sensitive to change in BDD severity. The BDD-YBOCS appears to be a reliable and valid measure of BDD severity and is a suitable outcome measure in treatment studies of BDD.

Phillips, K. A., Hollander, E., Rasmussen, S. A., Aronowitz, B. R., DeCaria, C., & Goodman, W. K. (1997). A severity rating scale for body dysmorphic disorder: Development, reliability, and validity of a modified version of the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 33, 1722.

Phillips, K. A. (2005). The broken mirror: Understanding and treating body dysmorphic
disorder. New York: Oxford University Press.

Veale, D., & Neziroglu, F. (2010). Body dysmorphic disorder: A treatment manual. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.